Manufacturer specifications apply. This page explains concepts only. Torque values, clearances, preload, backlash ranges and procedures vary by axle model and must come from the vehicle or component manufacturer's service information. This directory does not publish repair specifications.
What this service covers
Axle and wheel bearings let each wheel turn smoothly while carrying the vehicle's weight. Depending on design, the bearing may be pressed onto the axle shaft, sit in the axle housing, or be part of a bolt-on hub unit.
Wheel-end repair covers bearings, seals and related parts at the wheel, including the ABS sensor ring on many vehicles.
Common signs
- Humming or growling that rises with speed and changes when turning
- Play or roughness when the wheel is rocked or spun
- ABS warning light from a damaged sensor or tone ring
- Grease or gear oil at the wheel
What the work usually involves
- Confirm which corner is at fault by road test and inspection
- Replace the bearing, hub unit or seal using the correct press and installation method
- Inspect the axle journal and housing bore
- Torque fasteners and set adjustment where required to specification
Steps vary by vehicle and component design. Values and procedures come from the manufacturer's service information.
Vehicles this applies to
All vehicle classes. Heavy-truck wheel ends are covered under Hub & Wheel-End Service.
Key terms
Semi-floating axle
The axle shaft both transmits torque and supports the vehicle's weight at the wheel end through a bearing in the axle tube. Common on passenger vehicles and many half-ton pickups. How the shaft is retained (for example C-clip or bearing-retained) affects service procedures.
Wheel-end bearing
The bearings that support the hub on the axle spindle. Heavy trucks commonly use tapered roller bearings, either adjusted using a specified procedure or supplied as pre-set or unitized assemblies. Adjustment procedures come from the axle or hub manufacturer.
Hub seal
The seal at the inboard side of the hub that keeps oil or grease in and keeps water and dirt out. A leaking hub seal can contaminate brakes and lead to bearing failure.
Choosing a shop
- Confirm the shop works on your vehicle class and, for trucks, your axle make.
- Ask what parts they install (new, remanufactured or rebuilt) and what warranty applies.
- Check the listing's verification status and date in this directory.