Manufacturer specifications apply. This page explains concepts only. Torque values, clearances, preload, backlash ranges and procedures vary by axle model and must come from the vehicle or component manufacturer's service information. This directory does not publish repair specifications.
What this service covers
A CV (constant-velocity) axle, also called a half-shaft, carries power from the transaxle or differential to a wheel that moves up and down with the suspension and, at the front, also steers. Each shaft has an inner and an outer CV joint so it can transmit smooth, constant-speed rotation through changing angles.
When a joint is worn or its boot has failed, replacing the complete shaft assembly is often the practical repair. Shops may use new or remanufactured assemblies; quality and fit vary, so ask what is being installed.
Common signs
- Clicking or popping when turning, usually from a worn outer joint
- Vibration under acceleration, often from a worn inner (plunge) joint
- Grease slung on the inside of the wheel or suspension from a torn boot
- Clunk when shifting into drive or reverse
What the work usually involves
- Inspect both joints, boots and the shaft for damage, and check related wheel bearing and suspension parts
- Remove the shaft from the hub and the transaxle or differential, taking care of seals
- Install the replacement, secure retention (circlips, axle nut) and torque fasteners to the manufacturer's specification
- Road test for noise and vibration
Steps vary by vehicle and component design. Values and procedures come from the manufacturer's service information.
Vehicles this applies to
Front-wheel-drive and all-wheel-drive cars, crossovers and SUVs, plus many pickups and vans with independent front suspension.
Key terms
Axle shaft spline
The machined teeth on the end of an axle shaft that engage the differential side gear (and, on full-floating axles, the hub drive flange). Spline count and diameter must match the mating part exactly; worn or twisted splines are a reason to replace the shaft.
CV joint articulation
The range of angles through which a constant-velocity joint can work while transmitting smooth, constant speed. Outer joints allow larger angles for steering; inner (plunge) joints also allow the shaft length to change as the suspension moves.
Choosing a shop
- Confirm the shop works on your vehicle class and, for trucks, your axle make.
- Ask what parts they install (new, remanufactured or rebuilt) and what warranty applies.
- Check the listing's verification status and date in this directory.